Bremelanotide (PT-141) was developed from the peptide hormone Melanotan II. In initial testing, Melanotan II induced darkening of skin pigment, but additionally caused sexual arousal and spontaneous erections as unexpected side effects in nine out of the ten original male volunteer test subjects. Further testing in animals showed Bremelanotide to induce lordosis (a sexual mating behavior) and subsequently tested for its effect in humans. Although, most of the research has been targeted to women with female sexual dysfunction, it has shown to be an effective medication in treating sexual dysfunction in both men (erectile dysfunction or impotence) and women (sexual arousal disorder). Unlike Viagra and other related medications, it does not act upon the vascular system, but directly increases sexual desire via the nervous system. It is estimated that 43% of women (30 million is the US) suffer from sexual dysfunction and 30 million men suffer from ED, with incidence increasing 2-3 fold between ages 40-70. Bremelanotide currently has no contraindications and is 80% effective in men that don’t respond to Viagra or Cialis. For women, it causes a 50% increase in sexually satisfying experiences.